Abstract
The overall aim of the studies in this thesis is to investigate the universality nature of the conductivity of biological materials and the conduction mechanism using impedance spectroscopy measurement. Universality is a phenomenon which can occur in any condition in the physical world. Different disordered solids shows universality of AC conductivity when the frequency dependent AC conductivity curve normalized (each measured value divided by the DC conductivity and the frequency is normalized with regard to both DC conductivity and temperature).. Temperature and percentage of relative humidity has a pronounced effect on the electric properties of keratinazed tissues