Shock-induced flow through particle clouds
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Abstract
High-speed flows through dense particle clouds occur in many technological applications such as explosion mitigation systems, combustion engines, drug-delivery systems, as well as natural phenomena such as volcanic eruptions and meteoroid breakup. This thesis studies such flows by means of numerical simulations. Typical flows of interest feature trillions of particles, and it is therefore necessary to use simplified models to describe the behaviour of the particles and the flow around them. In this thesis, we use very large, accurate, simulations to study the details of shock-induced flows with a moderate number of particles. In addition, full-scale simulations with a large number of particles are used to determine the sensitivity of such simulations to modelling choices. The simulations with few particles show that high particle concentration necessitates modifications to the drag-laws and flow model approximations that are used to simulate full-scale problems. Small-scale flow fluctuations affect the average flow statistics, and must be modelled in simulations where they are not directly captured. The full-scale simulations show that the shock-accelerated particles self-organise and form particle jets, in agreement with experiments. To capture this process, the simulations must account for the interchange of momentum and energy between the particles and the surrounding air.List of papers
Paper I: Osnes, A. N., Vartdal, M., Pettersson Reif, B. A.: Numerical simulation of particle jet formation induced by shock wave acceleration in a Hele-Shaw cell. Shock Waves 28(3) (2018), DOI: 10.1007/s00193-017-0778-9. The article is included in the thesis. Also available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-017-0778-9 |
Paper II: Vartdal, M., Osnes, A. N.: Using particle-resolved LES to improve Eulerian-Lagrangian modeling of shock-wave/particle-cloud interactions. Proceedings of the summer program 2018. Centre for Turbulence Research, Stanford University. The paper is included in the thesis. |
Paper III: Osnes, A. N., Vartdal, M., Omang, M. G., Pettersson Reif, B. A.: Computational analysis of shock-induced flow through stationary particle clouds. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 114 (2019), DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2019.03.010. The article is included in the thesis. Also available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2019.03.010 |
Paper IV: Osnes, A. N., Vartdal, M., Omang, M. G., Pettersson Reif, B. A.: Particle-resolved simulations of shock-induced flow through particle clouds at different Reynolds numbers. Physical Review Fluids 5, 014305, (2020), DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.014305. The paper is included in the thesis. The published version is available at: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.014305 |